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...iversal acceptance by the second half of the 15th century. The form of the Indian ciphers underwent in time a number of important changes; their early histor ...><TD valign="top">[a1]</TD> <TD valign="top"> C.B. Boyer, "A history of mathematics" , Wiley (1968)</TD></TR></table>

...h Nimbran, "Some Remarks on Wilson's Theorem", ''The Mathematics Student'',Indian Mathematical Society, Vol. 67, Nos. 1–4 (1998), 243–245</TD></TR>

...ighted by the author(s), the article has been donated to ''Encyclopedia of Mathematics'', and its further issues are under ''Creative Commons Attribution Share-Al '''Summary.''' A father figure in Indian Statistics,

...ce of calculation began to be included in the concept of arithmetic. Greek mathematics made a sharp distinction between the concepts of a number and of a magnitud ...he knowledge of arithmetic in India of that period was of a high standard. Indian mathematicians operated on integers and fractions using methods very simila

...tation could potentially have developed into a calculus of letters. In the mathematics of classical Antiquity, however, no operations were carried out on letters ===Indian mathematics===

...actical activities of mankind on the one hand, and the internal demands of mathematics on the other, have determined the development of the concept of a number. ...s of mathematics itself. Negative numbers first appeared in Ancient China. Indian mathematicians discovered negative numbers while trying to formulate an alg

|valign="top"|{{Ref|Pi}}|| S. Pillai, "On normal numbers" ''Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. Sect. A'' , '''12''' (1940) pp. 179–184 {{MR|0002324}} {{ZBL|0 ...stribution modulo one and Diophantine approximation'', Cambridge Tracts in Mathematics 193, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2012) {{ISBN|978-0-521-11169-0}

...ighted by the author(s), the article has been donated to ''Encyclopedia of Mathematics'', and its further issues are under ''Creative Commons Attribution Share-Al joined the Indian Medical Service (IMS), achieving the top marks in their

...ighted by the author(s), the article has been donated to ''Encyclopedia of Mathematics'', and its further issues are under ''Creative Commons Attribution Share-Al ...^rd$ revised ed. Ames, Iowa and New Delhi: Iowa State University Press and Indian Society of Agricultural Statistics.

...problems of analytic [[Number theory|number theory]], analysis and applied mathematics. ...gn="top"> P. Turan, "On the zeros of the zetafunction of Riemann" ''J. Indian Math. Soc.'' , '''XX''' (1956) pp. 17–36</td></tr><tr><td valign="top">

...> <TD valign="top"> D. Rolfsen, "Isotopy of links in codimension two" ''J. Indian Math. Soc.'' , '''36''' (1972) pp. 263–278 {{MR|0341497}} {{ZBL|0276.5700 These polynomials "come from" fields in mathematics previously thought largely unrelated to knot theory: von Neumann algebras (