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A tetragon formed by two pairs <img align="absmiddle" border="0" src="https://www.encyclopediaofmath.org/legacyimages/d/d030/d030970/d0309701.png" /> and <img align="absmiddle" border="0" src="https://www.encyclopediaofmath.org/legacyimages/d/d030/d030970/d0309702.png" /> of rectilinear generators of the [[Lie quadric|Lie quadric]] at a hyperbolic point <img align="absmiddle" border="0" src="https://www.encyclopediaofmath.org/legacyimages/d/d030/d030970/d0309703.png" /> of a surface in three-dimensional (projective) space. The straight lines <img align="absmiddle" border="0" src="https://www.encyclopediaofmath.org/legacyimages/d/d030/d030970/d0309704.png" /> are called Demoulin straight lines. The canonical tetrahedron <img align="absmiddle" border="0" src="https://www.encyclopediaofmath.org/legacyimages/d/d030/d030970/d0309705.png" /> associated with the Lie quadric is known as the Demoulin tetrahedron. The Demoulin tetrahedron is non-degenerate if and only if the third [[Fubini form|Fubini form]] is non-degenerate. Studied by A. Demoulin [[#References|[1]]].
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A tetragon formed by two pairs $l_1,l_1'$ and $l_2,l_2'$ of rectilinear generators of the [[Lie quadric|Lie quadric]] at a hyperbolic point $M$ of a surface in three-dimensional (projective) space. The straight lines $l_1,l_1',l_2,l_2'$ are called Demoulin straight lines. The canonical tetrahedron $T(M,M_1,M_2,M_3)$ associated with the Lie quadric is known as the Demoulin tetrahedron. The Demoulin tetrahedron is non-degenerate if and only if the third [[Fubini form|Fubini form]] is non-degenerate. Studied by A. Demoulin [[#References|[1]]].
  
 
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Revision as of 10:15, 12 April 2014

A tetragon formed by two pairs $l_1,l_1'$ and $l_2,l_2'$ of rectilinear generators of the Lie quadric at a hyperbolic point $M$ of a surface in three-dimensional (projective) space. The straight lines $l_1,l_1',l_2,l_2'$ are called Demoulin straight lines. The canonical tetrahedron $T(M,M_1,M_2,M_3)$ associated with the Lie quadric is known as the Demoulin tetrahedron. The Demoulin tetrahedron is non-degenerate if and only if the third Fubini form is non-degenerate. Studied by A. Demoulin [1].

References

[1] A. Demoulin, "Sur la théorie des lignes asymptotiques, etc." C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris , 147 (1908) pp. 493–496


Comments

In general, the Demoulin tetrahedron is defined at all points of a surface, not only in the case of negative curvature (a hyperbolic point), see [a1]. The main characterization of the vertices of the Demoulin tetrahedron is as follows: There are four envelopes for the set of Lie quadrics of a surface different from the surface itself. These surfaces meet the Lie quadrics exactly at the vertices of the Demoulin tetrahedron.

References

[a1] G. Bol, "Projective Differentialgeometrie" , 2 , Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (1954)
[a2] E.P. Lane, "A treatise on projective differential geometry" , Univ. Chicago Press (1942)
How to Cite This Entry:
Demoulin quadrilateral. Encyclopedia of Mathematics. URL: http://encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=Demoulin_quadrilateral&oldid=31613
This article was adapted from an original article by M.I. Voitsekhovskii (originator), which appeared in Encyclopedia of Mathematics - ISBN 1402006098. See original article