Carleson theorem

For a function in $L_2(0,2\pi)$ its trigonometric Fourier series converges almost everywhere. This was stated as a conjecture by N.N. Luzin [1] and proved by L. Carleson [2]. The statement of Carleson's theorem is also valid for functions in $L_p$ for $p>1$ (see [3]). The fact that it does not hold for $p=1$ was shown by an example, constructed by A.N. Kolmogorov [4], of a function in $L_1$ the trigonometric Fourier series of which diverges almost everywhere.

References

[1]	N.N. Luzin, "The integral and trigonometric series" , Moscow-Leningrad (1915) (In Russian) (Thesis; also: Collected Works, Vol. 1, Moscow, 1953, pp. 48–212)
[2]	L. Carleson, "Convergence and growth of partial sums of Fourier series" Acta Math. , 116 (1966) pp. 135–157
[3]	R.A. Hunt, "On the convergence of Fourier series" , Proc. Conf. Orthogonal Expansions and their Continuous Analogues , Southern Illinois Univ. Press (1968) pp. 234–255
[4]	A. [A.N. Kolmogorov] Kolmogoroff, "Une série de Fourier–Lebesgue divergente presque partout" Fund. Math. , 4 (1923) pp. 324–328

Comments

Because of [3] the theorem is also referred to as the Carleson–Hunt theorem (cf. [a3], which is a profound exposition of this theorem).

A few years later (than [4]) Kolmogorov anew proved the existence of a function in $L_1$ whose trigonometric Fourier series diverges everywhere [a1].

References

[a1]	A.N. Kolmogorov, "Une série de Fourier–Lebesgue divergent partout" C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér A-B , 183 (1926) pp. 1327–1328
[a2]	C.J. Mozzochi, "On the pointwise convergence of Fourier series" , Lect. notes in math. , 199 , Springer (1970)
[a3]	O.G. Jørsboe, L. Mejlbro, "The Carleson–Hunt theorem on Fourier series" , Lect. notes in math. , 911 , Springer (1982)