Namespaces
Variants
Actions

Difference between revisions of "User:Richard Pinch/sandbox-13"

From Encyclopedia of Mathematics
Jump to: navigation, search
(Copy text from Standard construction)
 
(Start article: Span)
Line 1: Line 1:
 +
=Span=
 +
'''Span''' may refer to
 +
 +
* [[Linear hull]], also called ''linear span'' or ''span''
 +
* [[Span (category theory)]]
 +
 +
=Span (category theory)=
 +
 +
A [[diagram]] in a [[category]] of the form
 +
$$
 +
\begin{array}{ccccc}
 +
& & C & & \\
 +
& f \swarrow & & \searrow g & \\
 +
A & & & & B
 +
\end{array}
 +
$$
 +
 +
Two spans with arrows $(f,g)$ and $(f',g')$ are equivalent if for all $D,p,q$ the diagrams
 +
$$
 +
\begin{array}{ccccc}
 +
& & C & & \\
 +
& f \swarrow & & \searrow g & \\
 +
A & & & & B \\
 +
& p \searrow & & \swarrow q \\
 +
& & D & & \\
 +
\end{array}
 +
\ \ \text{and}\ \
 +
\begin{array}{ccccc}
 +
& & C & & \\
 +
& f' \swarrow & & \searrow g' & \\
 +
A & & & & B \\
 +
& p \searrow & & \swarrow q \\
 +
& & D & & \\
 +
\end{array}
 +
$$
 +
either both commute or both do not commute.
 +
 +
A [[pushout]] is the [[colimit]] of a span.
 +
 +
====References====
 +
<table>
 +
<TR><TD valign="top">[1]</TD> <TD valign="top">  S. MacLane,  "Categories for the working mathematician" , Springer  (1971). ISBN 0-387-90036-5</TD></TR>
 +
</table>
 +
 +
 
=Standard construction=
 
=Standard construction=
 
A concept in [[category theory]]. Other names are [[triple]], monad and functor-algebra.
 
A concept in [[category theory]]. Other names are [[triple]], monad and functor-algebra.

Revision as of 08:30, 6 April 2020

Span

Span may refer to

Span (category theory)

A diagram in a category of the form $$ \begin{array}{ccccc} & & C & & \\ & f \swarrow & & \searrow g & \\ A & & & & B \end{array} $$

Two spans with arrows $(f,g)$ and $(f',g')$ are equivalent if for all $D,p,q$ the diagrams $$ \begin{array}{ccccc} & & C & & \\ & f \swarrow & & \searrow g & \\ A & & & & B \\ & p \searrow & & \swarrow q \\ & & D & & \\ \end{array} \ \ \text{and}\ \ \begin{array}{ccccc} & & C & & \\ & f' \swarrow & & \searrow g' & \\ A & & & & B \\ & p \searrow & & \swarrow q \\ & & D & & \\ \end{array} $$ either both commute or both do not commute.

A pushout is the colimit of a span.

References

[1] S. MacLane, "Categories for the working mathematician" , Springer (1971). ISBN 0-387-90036-5


Standard construction

A concept in category theory. Other names are triple, monad and functor-algebra.

Let $\mathfrak{S}$ be a category. A standard construction is a functor $T:\mathfrak{S} \rightarrow \mathfrak{S}$ equipped with natural transformations $\eta:1\rightarrow T$ and $\mu:T^2\rightarrow T$ such that the following diagrams commute: $$ \begin{array}{ccc} T^3 Y & \stackrel{T\mu_Y}{\rightarrow} & T^2 Y \\ \mu_{TY}\downarrow& & \downarrow_Y \\ T^2 & \stackrel{T_y}{\rightarrow} & Y \end{array} $$ $$ \begin{array}{ccccc} TY & \stackrel{TY}{\rightarrow} & T^2Y & \stackrel{T_{\eta Y}}{\leftarrow} & TY \\ & 1\searrow & \downarrow\mu Y & \swarrow1 & \\ & & Y & & \\ \end{array} $$

The basic use of standard constructions in topology is in the construction of various classifying spaces and their algebraic analogues, the so-called bar-constructions.

References

[1] J.M. Boardman, R.M. Vogt, "Homotopy invariant algebraic structures on topological spaces" , Springer (1973)
[2] J.F. Adams, "Infinite loop spaces" , Princeton Univ. Press (1978)
[3] J.P. May, "The geometry of iterated loop spaces" , Lect. notes in math. , 271 , Springer (1972)
[4] S. MacLane, "Categories for the working mathematician" , Springer (1971)


Comments

The term "standard construction" was introduced by R. Godement [a1] for want of a better name for this concept. It is now entirely obsolete, having been generally superseded by "monad" (although a minority of authors still use the term "triple" ). Monads have many other uses besides the one mentioned above, for example in the categorical approach to universal algebra (see [a2], [a3]).

References

[a1] R. Godement, "Théorie des faisceaux" , Hermann (1958)
[a2] E.G. Manes, "Algebraic theories" , Springer (1976)
[a3] M. Barr, C. Wells, "Toposes, triples and theories" , Springer (1985)
How to Cite This Entry:
Richard Pinch/sandbox-13. Encyclopedia of Mathematics. URL: http://encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=Richard_Pinch/sandbox-13&oldid=42952