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Steenrod algebra

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The graded algebra over the field of all stable cohomology operations (cf. Cohomology operation) modulo . For any space (spectrum of spaces) , the group is a module over the Steenrod algebra .

The Steenrod algebra is multiplicatively generated by the Steenrod operations (cf. Steenrod operation). Thus, the Steenrod algebra is a graded associative algebra, multiplicatively generated by the symbols with , which satisfy the Adem relation:

, so that an additive basis (over ) of the Steenrod algebra consists of the operations , (the so-called Cartan–Serre basis). Similar results are true for with . Furthermore,

where is an Eilenberg–MacLane space. The multiplication

induces the diagonal in , which is a homomorphism of algebras, and, consequently, turns into a Hopf algebra.

References

[1] N.E. Steenrod, D.B.A. Epstein, "Cohomology operations" , Princeton Univ. Press (1962)
[2] J. Milnor, "The Steenrod algebra and its dual" Ann. of Math. , 67 (1958) pp. 150–171
[3] M.K. Tangora, "Cohomology operations and applications in homotopy theory" , Harper & Row (1968)


Comments

The analogue of the Steenrod algebra for a cohomology theory defined by a spectrum is ; cf. Generalized cohomology theories and Spectrum of spaces. The -term of the Adams spectral sequence, cf. Spectral sequence, is a purely (homological) algebra construct obtained by regarding the homology groups as modules over the Hopf algebra .

References

[a1] J. Dieudonné, "A history of algebraic and differential topology 1900–1960" , Birkhäuser (1989)
[a2] R.M. Switzer, "Algebraic topology - homotopy and homology" , Springer (1975) pp. Chapts. 18–19
[a3] J.F. Adams, "Stable homotopy and generalized homology" , Univ. Chicago Press (1974) pp. Part III, Chapts. 12, 15
How to Cite This Entry:
Steenrod algebra. Encyclopedia of Mathematics. URL: http://encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=Steenrod_algebra&oldid=48824
This article was adapted from an original article by Yu.B. Rudyak (originator), which appeared in Encyclopedia of Mathematics - ISBN 1402006098. See original article