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Graded module

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A module that can be represented as the direct sum of its submodules (the index runs through all integers; some of the submodules may be trivial). A module is called positively graded if for all , and negatively graded if for all . The non-zero elements of are called homogeneous elements of degree . A submodule of a graded module is said to be homogeneous if it can be decomposed into a direct sum of submodules such that for any integer ; is then a graded module. If is a homogeneous submodule of a graded module , then the quotient module is also a graded module, i.e. , where is the image of the submodule under the natural homomorphism , . Graded modules are extensively used in homological algebra.

References

[1] H. Cartan, S. Eilenberg, "Homological algebra" , Princeton Univ. Press (1956)


Comments

A linear mapping between graded modules is a graded morphism if it respects the degree of homogeneous elements. The category of graded modules and graded morphisms is a Grothendieck category. Gradations by arbitrary groups may be introduced in a similar way. The gradations by the integers play an important role in the theory of projective algebraic varieties or schemes.

References

[a1] C. Nâstâsescu, F. van Oystaeyen, "Graded ring theory" , North-Holland (1982)
How to Cite This Entry:
Graded module. Encyclopedia of Mathematics. URL: http://encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=Graded_module&oldid=47109
This article was adapted from an original article by E.N. Kuz'min (originator), which appeared in Encyclopedia of Mathematics - ISBN 1402006098. See original article