Difference between revisions of "B-Phi-structure"
From Encyclopedia of Mathematics
(Importing text file) |
m (AUTOMATIC EDIT (latexlist): Replaced 36 formulas out of 36 by TEX code with an average confidence of 2.0 and a minimal confidence of 2.0.) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| + | <!--This article has been texified automatically. Since there was no Nroff source code for this article, | ||
| + | the semi-automatic procedure described at https://encyclopediaofmath.org/wiki/User:Maximilian_Janisch/latexlist | ||
| + | was used. | ||
| + | If the TeX and formula formatting is correct, please remove this message and the {{TEX|semi-auto}} category. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Out of 36 formulas, 36 were replaced by TEX code.--> | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{TEX|semi-auto}}{{TEX|done}} | ||
A structure on a vector bundle (or sphere bundle, etc.) that is a generalization of the concept of the structure group of a fibration. | A structure on a vector bundle (or sphere bundle, etc.) that is a generalization of the concept of the structure group of a fibration. | ||
| − | Let | + | Let $\phi _ { n } : B _ { n } \rightarrow B O _ { n }$ be a fibration and let $\xi $ be an $n$-dimensional vector bundle over a space $X$, classified by the mapping $\xi : X \rightarrow B O _ { n }$. Then the homotopy class lifting the mapping $\xi : X \rightarrow B O _ { n }$ to a mapping in $B _ { n }$ is called a $( B _ { n } , \phi _ { n } )$-structure on $\xi $, i.e. it is an equivalence class of mappings $\xi ^ { * } : X \rightarrow B_n$ such that $\phi _ { n } \circ \xi ^ { * } = \xi$, where two mappings $\xi ^ { * }$ and $\xi ^ { * \prime } : X \rightarrow B _ { n }$ are said to be equivalent if they are fibrewise homotopic. No method of consistently defining $( B _ { n } , \phi _ { n } )$-structures for equivalent fibrations exists, because this consistency depends on the choice of the equivalence. |
| − | Let there be a sequence | + | Let there be a sequence $( B , \phi , g )$ of fibrations $\phi _ { r } : B _ { r } \rightarrow B O _ { r }$ and mappings $g _ { r } : B _ { r } \rightarrow B _ { r + 1}$ such that $j _ { r } \circ \phi _ { r } = \phi _ { r + 1 } \circ g _ { r }$ ($j_\gamma : B O _ { r } \rightarrow B O _ { r + 1}$ is the standard mapping). The family $\{ B _ { r } , \phi _ { r } , g _ { r } \}$ (and sometimes only $( B _ { r } , \phi _ { r } )$) is called a structure series. An equivalence class of sequences of $( B _ { r } , \phi _ { r } )$-structures on the [[Normal bundle|normal bundle]] $\{ \xi_r\}$ of a manifold $M ^ { n }$ is called a $( B , \phi )$-structure on $M$; they coincide beginning from some sufficiently large $r$. A manifold $M ^ { n }$ with a fixed $( B , \phi )$-structure on it is called a $( B , \phi )$-manifold. |
| − | Instead of | + | Instead of $B O _ { n }$, a more general space $B G _ { n }$, classifying sphere bundles, can be considered and $( B , \phi )$-structures can be introduced on them. |
====References==== | ====References==== | ||
| − | <table>< | + | <table><tr><td valign="top">[1]</td> <td valign="top"> R. Lashof, "Poincaré duality and cobordism" ''Trans. Amer. Math. Soc.'' , '''109''' (1963) pp. 257–277</td></tr><tr><td valign="top">[2]</td> <td valign="top"> R.E. Stong, "Notes on cobordism theory" , Princeton Univ. Press (1968)</td></tr></table> |
| Line 15: | Line 23: | ||
Here | Here | ||
| − | + | \begin{equation*} B O _ { n } = \operatorname { lim } _ { r \rightarrow \infty } \operatorname { inf } \operatorname { Gras } _ { n } ( \mathbf{R} ^ { r + n } ) \end{equation*} | |
| − | is the limit of the Grassmann manifolds of | + | is the limit of the Grassmann manifolds of $r$-planes in $\mathbf{R} ^ { n + r }$. |
Latest revision as of 17:02, 1 July 2020
A structure on a vector bundle (or sphere bundle, etc.) that is a generalization of the concept of the structure group of a fibration.
Let $\phi _ { n } : B _ { n } \rightarrow B O _ { n }$ be a fibration and let $\xi $ be an $n$-dimensional vector bundle over a space $X$, classified by the mapping $\xi : X \rightarrow B O _ { n }$. Then the homotopy class lifting the mapping $\xi : X \rightarrow B O _ { n }$ to a mapping in $B _ { n }$ is called a $( B _ { n } , \phi _ { n } )$-structure on $\xi $, i.e. it is an equivalence class of mappings $\xi ^ { * } : X \rightarrow B_n$ such that $\phi _ { n } \circ \xi ^ { * } = \xi$, where two mappings $\xi ^ { * }$ and $\xi ^ { * \prime } : X \rightarrow B _ { n }$ are said to be equivalent if they are fibrewise homotopic. No method of consistently defining $( B _ { n } , \phi _ { n } )$-structures for equivalent fibrations exists, because this consistency depends on the choice of the equivalence.
Let there be a sequence $( B , \phi , g )$ of fibrations $\phi _ { r } : B _ { r } \rightarrow B O _ { r }$ and mappings $g _ { r } : B _ { r } \rightarrow B _ { r + 1}$ such that $j _ { r } \circ \phi _ { r } = \phi _ { r + 1 } \circ g _ { r }$ ($j_\gamma : B O _ { r } \rightarrow B O _ { r + 1}$ is the standard mapping). The family $\{ B _ { r } , \phi _ { r } , g _ { r } \}$ (and sometimes only $( B _ { r } , \phi _ { r } )$) is called a structure series. An equivalence class of sequences of $( B _ { r } , \phi _ { r } )$-structures on the normal bundle $\{ \xi_r\}$ of a manifold $M ^ { n }$ is called a $( B , \phi )$-structure on $M$; they coincide beginning from some sufficiently large $r$. A manifold $M ^ { n }$ with a fixed $( B , \phi )$-structure on it is called a $( B , \phi )$-manifold.
Instead of $B O _ { n }$, a more general space $B G _ { n }$, classifying sphere bundles, can be considered and $( B , \phi )$-structures can be introduced on them.
References
| [1] | R. Lashof, "Poincaré duality and cobordism" Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. , 109 (1963) pp. 257–277 |
| [2] | R.E. Stong, "Notes on cobordism theory" , Princeton Univ. Press (1968) |
Comments
Here
\begin{equation*} B O _ { n } = \operatorname { lim } _ { r \rightarrow \infty } \operatorname { inf } \operatorname { Gras } _ { n } ( \mathbf{R} ^ { r + n } ) \end{equation*}
is the limit of the Grassmann manifolds of $r$-planes in $\mathbf{R} ^ { n + r }$.
How to Cite This Entry:
B-Phi-structure. Encyclopedia of Mathematics. URL: http://encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=B-Phi-structure&oldid=19275
B-Phi-structure. Encyclopedia of Mathematics. URL: http://encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=B-Phi-structure&oldid=19275
This article was adapted from an original article by Yu.B. Rudyak (originator), which appeared in Encyclopedia of Mathematics - ISBN 1402006098. See original article