Asymmetry coefficient
The most frequently employed measure of the asymmetry of a distribution, defined by the relationship
![]() |
where and
are the second and third central moments of the distribution, respectively. For distributions that are symmetric with respect to the mathematical expectation,
; depending on the sign of
one speaks of positive asymmetry (
) and negative asymmetry (
). In the case of the binomial distribution corresponding to
Bernoulli trials with probability of success
,
![]() | (*) |
one has: If , the distribution is symmetric; if
or
, one obtains typical distribution diagrams with a positive (Fig.a) and negative (Fig.b) asymmetry.
Figure: a013590a
. Diagram of the binomial distribution
corresponding to
Bernoulli trials, with positive asymmetry (
).
Figure: a013590b
. Diagram of the binomial distribution
corresponding to
Bernoulli trials, with negative asymmetry (
).
The asymmetry coefficient (*) tends to zero as , in accordance with the fact that a normalized binomial distribution converges to the standard normal distribution.
The asymmetry coefficient and the excess coefficient are the most extensively used characteristics of the accuracy with which the distribution function of the normalized sum
![]() |
where are identically distributed and mutually independent with asymmetry coefficient
, may be approximated by the normal distribution function
![]() |
Under fairly general conditions the Edgeworth series yields
![]() |
where is the derivative of order three.
References
[1] | H. Cramér, "Mathematical methods of statistics" , Princeton Univ. Press (1946) |
[2] | S.S. Wilks, "Mathematical statistics" , Wiley (1962) |
Comments
The asymmetry coefficient is usually called the coefficient of skewness. One correspondingly speaks of the skewness of a distribution and of positive, respectively negative, skewness.
The excess coefficient is more often called the coefficient of kurtosis.
Asymmetry coefficient. Encyclopedia of Mathematics. URL: http://encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=Asymmetry_coefficient&oldid=16952