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Independent functions, system of

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A sequence of measurable functions such that

for any and any . The simplest example of a system of independent functions is the Rademacher system.

(Kolmogorov's) criterion for the almost-everywhere convergence of a series of independent functions: For a series of independent functions to converge almost everywhere it is necessary and sufficient that for some the following three series converge:

where


Comments

Of course, to be able to introduce the concept of a system of independent functions one needs to have a measure space on which the functions are defined and measurable (with respect to ). Moreover, must be positive and finite, so can be taken a probability measure (then is a probability space). An example is .

In this abstract setting, instead of functions one takes random variables, thus obtaining a system of independent random variables.

The notion of a system of independent functions (random variables) should not be mixed up with that of an independent set of elements of a vector space over a field : A set of elements in such that for , implies , see also Vector space.

References

[a1] J.-P. Kahane, "Some random series of functions" , Cambridge Univ. Press (1985)
How to Cite This Entry:
Independent functions, system of. Encyclopedia of Mathematics. URL: http://encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=Independent_functions,_system_of&oldid=47330
This article was adapted from an original article by E.M. Semenov (originator), which appeared in Encyclopedia of Mathematics - ISBN 1402006098. See original article