Difference between revisions of "Subgroup, index of a"
From Encyclopedia of Mathematics
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| − | ''in a group | + | ''in a group $G$'' |
| − | The number of cosets (cf. [[Coset in a group|Coset in a group]]) in any decomposition of | + | The number of cosets (cf. [[Coset in a group|Coset in a group]]) in any decomposition of $G$ with respect to this subgroup $H$ (in the infinite case, the cardinality of the set of these cosets). If the number of cosets is finite, $H$ is called a subgroup of finite index in $G$. The intersection of a finite number of subgroups of finite index itself has finite index (Poincaré's theorem). The index of a subgroup $H$ in $G$ is usually denoted by $|G:H|$. The product of the order of a subgroup $H$ by its index $|G:H|$ is equal to the order of $G$ (Lagrange's theorem). This relationship applies to finite groups $G$ and also to infinite groups $G$ for the corresponding cardinalities. |
====References==== | ====References==== | ||
<table><TR><TD valign="top">[1]</TD> <TD valign="top"> M.I. Kargapolov, J.I. [Yu.I. Merzlyakov] Merzljakov, "Fundamentals of the theory of groups" , Springer (1979) (Translated from Russian)</TD></TR><TR><TD valign="top">[2]</TD> <TD valign="top"> A.G. Kurosh, "The theory of groups" , '''1–2''' , Chelsea (1955–1956) (Translated from Russian)</TD></TR></table> | <table><TR><TD valign="top">[1]</TD> <TD valign="top"> M.I. Kargapolov, J.I. [Yu.I. Merzlyakov] Merzljakov, "Fundamentals of the theory of groups" , Springer (1979) (Translated from Russian)</TD></TR><TR><TD valign="top">[2]</TD> <TD valign="top"> A.G. Kurosh, "The theory of groups" , '''1–2''' , Chelsea (1955–1956) (Translated from Russian)</TD></TR></table> | ||
Revision as of 09:31, 20 April 2012
in a group $G$
The number of cosets (cf. Coset in a group) in any decomposition of $G$ with respect to this subgroup $H$ (in the infinite case, the cardinality of the set of these cosets). If the number of cosets is finite, $H$ is called a subgroup of finite index in $G$. The intersection of a finite number of subgroups of finite index itself has finite index (Poincaré's theorem). The index of a subgroup $H$ in $G$ is usually denoted by $|G:H|$. The product of the order of a subgroup $H$ by its index $|G:H|$ is equal to the order of $G$ (Lagrange's theorem). This relationship applies to finite groups $G$ and also to infinite groups $G$ for the corresponding cardinalities.
References
| [1] | M.I. Kargapolov, J.I. [Yu.I. Merzlyakov] Merzljakov, "Fundamentals of the theory of groups" , Springer (1979) (Translated from Russian) |
| [2] | A.G. Kurosh, "The theory of groups" , 1–2 , Chelsea (1955–1956) (Translated from Russian) |
How to Cite This Entry:
Subgroup, index of a. Encyclopedia of Mathematics. URL: http://encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=Subgroup,_index_of_a&oldid=24856
Subgroup, index of a. Encyclopedia of Mathematics. URL: http://encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=Subgroup,_index_of_a&oldid=24856
This article was adapted from an original article by O.A. Ivanova (originator), which appeared in Encyclopedia of Mathematics - ISBN 1402006098. See original article