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Sign test

From Encyclopedia of Mathematics
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A non-parametric test for a hypothesis , according to which a random variable has a binomial distribution with parameters . If the hypothesis is true, then

where

and is the beta-function. According to the sign test with significance level , , the hypothesis is rejected if

where , the critical value of the test, is the integer solution of the inequalities

The sign test can be used to test a hypothesis according to which the unknown continuous distribution of independent identically-distributed random variables is symmetric about zero, i.e. for any real ,

In this case the sign test is based on the statistic

which is governed by a binomial law with parameters if the hypothesis is true.

Similarly, the sign test is used to test a hypothesis according to which the median of an unknown continuous distribution to which independent random variables are subject is ; to this end one simply replaces the given random variables by .

References

[1] L.N. Bol'shev, N.V. Smirnov, "Tables of mathematical statistics" , Libr. math. tables , 46 , Nauka (1983) (In Russian) (Processed by L.S. Bark and E.S. Kedrova)
[2] E.L. Lehmann, "Testing statistical hypotheses" , Wiley (1986)
[3] B.L. van der Waerden, "Mathematische Statistik" , Springer (1957)
[4] N.V. Smirnov, I.V. Dunin-Barkovskii, "Mathematische Statistik in der Technik" , Deutsch. Verlag Wissenschaft. (1969) (Translated from Russian)
How to Cite This Entry:
Sign test. Encyclopedia of Mathematics. URL: http://encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=Sign_test&oldid=48694
This article was adapted from an original article by M.S. Nikulin (originator), which appeared in Encyclopedia of Mathematics - ISBN 1402006098. See original article